We quantify when a parentHierarchicalMLClassifier beats a flat ensemble andvice versa. We report per-class win profiles, confusiondeltas, and latency trade-offs, with code paths mapped tosuper().classify_signal() vs the ensemble voting block.We find a hierarchical classifier is never worse than a flat ensembleof identical capacity on RML2016.10a, with strict gains on higher order modulations and at high … Continue reading Hierarchical Classifiers Strictly Dominate Flat Ensembles in Digital Modulation Recognition